What are the experiences of women in Zimbabwe who are living with advanced HIV infection?

It’s important to understand nursing research by investigating many questions that endure. The object of the assignment is to incorporate research innovation into nursing practice using thes examples. A typical example of this type of question is the following. using the article given answer the following question: What are the experiences of women in Zimbabwe who are living with advanced HIV infection? The life circumstances of HIV-positive women_ the case of Magunje Township, Zimbabwe.html (Attached is the article) The increasing levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in sub-Saharan Africa have seen more women being infected by HIV. This article explores the interplay between culture, HIV transmission and disclosure experiences. The setting for the study was Magunje, a rural village in Zimbabwe. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, the interviews were conducted with women living with HIV/AIDS. It emerged that culture condones male promiscuity, since virility is judged by the number of partners that men have, while women face many challenges with regards to disclosure. HIV was discovered in the early 1980s (Whiteside, 2008) and has caused much havoc to those affected, resulting in many deaths caused by the human human immunodeficiency virus virus and acquired human immunodeficiency virus syndrome (HIV/AIDS). The study was prompted by the shocking reality of the global HIV-infection level, which was estimated at 31.3 million people at the end of 2008 (www.avert.org). In sub-Saharan Africa alone an estimated 23.5 million people were living with HIV in 2012 (UNAIDS, 2012) and by the end of 2015 WHO estimated that the figure had risen to 25.6 million people (WHO/July 2016). Of this figure, women constitute 58% of the total HIV infections (UNAIDS, 2014). In Zimbabwe, since the discovery of the first AIDS case in 1985, there have been efforts to lower the infection rate. Although the HIV-infection rate stands at 15% in Zimbabwe, which is lower than South Africa’s 19% (UNAIDS, 2016), HIV/AIDS is still a cause of concern in Zimbabwe as the rate of new infections is still high. According to UNAIDS (2016), there were 64 000 new HIV infections in 2015 in Zimbabwe. The shocking reality of HIV in Africa led many African countries to come up with strategies aimed at curbing the rate of new infections whilst treating existing infections. Zimbabwe adopted voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) as one strategy to deal with the HIV epidemic. At the heart of VCT is HIV/AIDS status disclosure to sexual partners, whether past, present or future (Horn, 2010; Seid, Wasie & Admassu, 2012; UNAIDS, 2014). This is because the more people become aware of their HIV status and enforce behavioural change, the more effective prevention and treatment programmes are likely to be. However, previous studies of status disclosure on the African continent have documented that the break-up of marriages, loss of shelter and even murder are the consequences that women face when they disclose their status to sexual partners (Machipisa, 2007; Tsweneagae, Oss & Mgutshini, 2015). There was therefore a need to explore the experiences of Zimbabwean women on HIV status disclosure to sexual partners in the hope of finding a lasting solution to the rise in infection levels amongst women. There are many studies on HIV/AIDS that have concentrated on the vulnerability of children living in such circumstances. Leatham’s (2006) findings, for instance, show that although children from child-headed households (as a result of parents’ death from HIV/AIDS) come from surroundings that threaten their wellbeing, their resilience is strengthened by their aspirations for the future. Resilience enables these children to progress well despite difficulties and empowers them to do well in life even though they have been exposed to such challenging situations (Kapesa, 2015; Lee, 2012). Zimbabwe is a patriarchal country, where women have little control over their sexual partners, resulting in their having to bear the brunt of accusations for allegedly infecting their male partners. This gave rise to the present research, which attempted to find answers to the issue of African women’s vulnerability and the resulting resilience that enables them to cope with life after contracting HIV. Magunje is the largest rural village and principal growth point in Hurungwe, which is in Mashonaland West province (Manyanhaire, Mhishi, Syotwa & Sithole, 2009). It is situated 245 km to the north-west of Harare (the capital city of Zimbabwe) and is located 25 km off the main Harare-Chirundu highway. Furthermore, the high infection levels which characterise this growth point because of the trucking business provided a context for weighing the effectiveness of HIV status disclosure as a prevention and treatment method. This was deemed essential, since the spread of HIV and AIDS in the Magunje context not only affects Zimbabwe but also Zambia as a consequence of the trucking business between 2, In quantitative research what is the difference between accessible and target population? What is the difference between probability and nonprobability analyses sampling? What are the four(4) steps in sampling in quantitative research? 3.Answer the following questions: What type of visual problems can be corrected by wearing bifocal lenses? What is nystagmus? Mary Anne, a 20‑year‑old with blonde hair and fair skin, has been diagnosed with premalignant actinic keratosis. She’s heard that prolonged sunbathing contributes to the condition. She asks you what measures she can take to help reduce the risk of further lesions. 4. The integumentary system consists of the skin and its accessory organs, hair, nails, and glands. What are the three main structural layers of the skin, and what are their major functions? In what ways does the skin protect the body? Muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and the joints they form make up the body’s musculoskeletal system. What are the main functions of this system?